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Battle for “Jamaica Rum” By Lisa Rhooms

The Global IP Matrix Issue 21

Jamaica is world-renowned for its rich cultural heritage, vibrant music, and, of course, its iconic rum. However, the legal battle over the geographical indication (GI) of "Jamaica Rum" has sparked significant debate within the nation’s rum industry. In an article featured in The Global IP Matrix Issue 21, Lisa Rhooms, Managing Partner at Grant, Henry & Rhooms, explores the ongoing dispute over the specifications of the "Jamaica Rum" GI and what it means for the industry.


The Dispute Over "Jamaica Rum"

The battle for rectification of the "Jamaica Rum" GI was brought before the Jamaica Intellectual Property Office (JIPO) by National Rums of Jamaica Limited (NRJ), a key rum producer. NRJ challenged certain specifications of the GI, arguing that they were incomplete or outdated.

Their proposed amendments included:

  • Expanding the location of rum ageing to include overseas locations, arguing that this has historically been a common practice.

  • Broadening the permissible water sources, citing concerns over climate change and potential water shortages.

  • Allowing food-grade wooden barrels and vats beyond the current restriction to small oak barrels.

  • Expanding the list of permitted fermenting agents, advocating for greater flexibility in the rum-making process.


Responses from the Industry

The Spirits Pool Association Limited (SPA), which owns the "Jamaica Rum" GI, opposed the rectification request, arguing that the existing specifications preserve the authenticity and distinctiveness of Jamaican rum. J. Wray & Nephew Limited (JWN), a leading rum producer, also joined the opposition, reinforcing the importance of ageing Jamaican rum exclusively in Jamaica to maintain its unique flavour profile and regulatory compliance.


The Global IP Matrix Issue 21

JIPO’s Ruling and Industry Implications

Following hearings, JIPO ruled in October 2024, determining that:

  • Ageing containers should be restricted to food-grade barrels not exceeding 250 litres, ensuring optimal maturation and flavour development.

  • Jamaican rum must be aged in Jamaica, dismissing NRJ’s argument for overseas ageing.

  • Water source expansion was denied, as no immediate need was proven.

  • Fermenting agents could be expanded, recognizing the evolving nature of rum production techniques.


What’s Next for "Jamaica Rum"?

NRJ has since appealed JIPO’s ruling to the Supreme Court of Jamaica, making this case far from over. The outcome could set a precedent for future GI protections in Jamaica and other Caribbean nations looking to safeguard their traditional products.


Conclusion


The battle for "Jamaica Rum" is more than just a legal dispute—it is a fight to protect the authenticity, heritage, and economic value of Jamaican rum. The decision will have far-reaching implications, determining how GIs evolve to balance tradition with modern industry practices.




For more insights from Lisa Rhooms, read the full article in the latest issue of The Global IP Matrix.





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